A daily chronicle of ongoing events pertaining to infectious diseases
Wednesday, March 13, 2013
Nature: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC
[International Weekly Journal of Science] Published online
Nature 495, 251–254 (14 March 2013) doi:10.1038/nature12005
Most human coronaviruses cause mild upper respiratory tract disease but
may be associated with more severe pulmonary disease in
immunocompromised individuals1. However, SARS coronavirus caused severe lower respiratory disease with nearly 10% mortality and evidence of systemic spread2.
Recently, another coronavirus (human coronavirus-Erasmus Medical Center
(hCoV-EMC)) was identified in patients with severe and sometimes lethal
lower respiratory tract infection3, 4. Viral genome analysis revealed close relatedness to coronaviruses found in bats5.
Here we identify dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4; also known as CD26) as a
functional receptor for hCoV-EMC. DPP4 specifically co-purified with
the receptor-binding S1 domain of the hCoV-EMC spike protein from
lysates of susceptible Huh-7 cells. Antibodies directed against DPP4
inhibited hCoV-EMC infection of primary human bronchial epithelial cells
and Huh-7 cells. Expression of human and bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus)
DPP4 in non-susceptible COS-7 cells enabled infection by hCoV-EMC. The
use of the evolutionarily conserved DPP4 protein from different species
as a functional receptor provides clues about the host range potential
of hCoV-EMC. In addition, it will contribute critically to our
understanding of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of this emerging
human coronavirus, and may facilitate the development of intervention
strategies.
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