Friday, July 10, 2009
Argentina: 28 mobile units deployed in Buenos Aires
Data from Ministry of Health of the Nation
And 82 are killed by influenza A and recognizing the impact on economy
From an NGO that could be recognized more than 200. While Scioli attributed the drop in consultations "preventive measures", now begin to operate 28 mobile units to strengthen health care. The holder of the AFIP admitted that "there is a stagnation in consumption"
Finally, the national health ministry official said yesterday that the number of people killed by influenza A in Argentina is 82, twelve more than reported last Wednesday, although the NGO Doctors of the World in an institutional document entitled "Epidemics of influenza A H1H1 -ETI-IRAS in Argentina: Myths and realities in health care, epidemiological and socio-economic determinants, "which stated that those killed by the flu are greater than the official figures and be around 200, of which 47 belong to the province of Buenos Aires. In the afternoon it was learned yesterday that a couple of 26 years infected with influenza have died in a clinic in the city of La Plata.
Meanwhile, the Mexican neumonólogo and WHO consultant, Jose Luis Sandoval, "visiting the country praised the capacity of local professionals and equipment to combat the epidemic and said you are" the same movie, but Argentina, although he stressed that the country is well prepared for it. In addition, influenza is a negative impact on the economy. "For the swine flu of course there is some stagnation in consumption. This undoubtedly will impact the collection in July, but stronger in August, "said Ricardo Echegaray, head of the AFIP radiales statements.
The official added that "anyway, the company continues to consume and the volume of activity that may have some paralysis in these days is to recover quickly."
Less consultations
The governor of Buenos Aires, Daniel Scioli, yesterday attributed to preventive measures that were taken down on the number of medical consultations for influenza A, and opined that "it is a reasonable decision" the rest of healthcare today. "Everything indicates that they have reduced the international consultations and by influenza A, so surely the actions being taken forward in prevention are beginning to yield results," he said after meeting at the Hospital of The Dock Ensenada Zin with the minister and the 77 directors of provincial hospitals, with those who assessed the health situation for influenza in the 134 districts of Buenos Aires.
The governor denied that he was hiding information about the progress of the pandemic and that "there is a daily part with the situation and obviously when there is reported a fatal outcome."
Meanwhile, Zin confirmed that "all outpatient visits declined between 30% and 40% international and 20% to 25%, so we have beds and supplies available to attack the influenza A".
However, these claims contrast with the call for nursing assistants and nurses launched by the government of Buenos Aires and with the announcement by the Minister of Health of the Nation, Juan Manzur, that we begin to operate 28 mobile hospital units to strengthen the system health of the province of Buenos Aires with the aim of responding to the demand for medical care caused by the influenza virus H1N1.
So far 130 countries in the world have 100,982 confirmed cases of influenza H1N1 virus with 461 deaths.
Read full post and comments
Thursday, July 9, 2009
Argentina: Health Minister confirms 82 deaths
Already there are 82 deaths from influenza A
09-07-2009 / The Ministry of Health of the Nation confirmed tonight that the number of deaths from Influenza A (H1N1) was 82. 47 joined in the province of Buenos Aires, 7 in the City, 22 in Santa Fe, 2 in Missions and in Entre Rios, Black River, San Juan and in the metropolitan area, without jurisdiction.
Concern about influenza A.
The Ministry of Health of the Nation confirmed tonight that the number of deaths from Influenza A (H1N1) was 82. 47 joined in the province of Buenos Aires, 7 in the City, 22 in Santa Fe, 2 in Missions and in Entre Rios, Black River, San Juan and in the metropolitan area, without jurisdiction.
Also reported that the health portfolio as of today, the 2677 Institute Malbrán confirmed positive cases of the disease, leaving 2261.
Earlier, the governor of Buenos Aires, Daniel Scioli, attributed to preventive measures that were taken down on the number of medical consultations for influenza A and opined that "a reasonable decision is" off the healthcare of tomorrow.
"Everything indicates that they have significantly reduced the consultations and internments by Influenza A, so surely the actions being taken forward in prevention are beginning to yield results," he explained.
For its part, the head of government of Buenos Aires, Mauricio Macri, also reiterated that under the level of consultation in the city.
After the act by the Day of Independence in Plaza de Mayo, Macri said that "we are better than a week ago and in hospitals is decreasing the level of demand and consultation", said since the pandemic influenza A.
He explained that the Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez "fell from 600 to 150 the level of consultation."
hat-tip Shiloh
Read full post and comments
Vietnam: Another Article States "Clinical Manifistations have stopped after 3 days of treatment"
Also at this meeting, Dr. Nguyen Van Kinh, Director of the Institute for infectious diseases and tropical countries, said: Until now, only 4 / 19 patients positive for influenza A (H1N1) in the northern treatment at the Institute. In 4 patients the treatment, significant note of 2 cases of patients from Australia after 7 days treatment with Tamiflu, but the disease still subject to positive results for H1N1, although the clinical manifestation has expired after 3 days of treatment. With 2 cases, the disease has samples of products to hygiene epidemiology central tests as necessary to find the cause, and the ability to review medication Tamiflu resistance in patients to measure processing time time ...
-snip-
Read full post and comments
Vietnam: 2 positive cases of influenza A/H1N1 after 7 days treatment Tamiflu
8 pm / 7, Nguyen Van Kinh, Director of the Institute for infectious diseases and tropical countries that are currently in the 2 patients with influenza A/H1N1 treatment were fever, manifests clinically stable but to 7 tested still positive influenza A/H1N1.
Mr. Glass adds, in the actual treatment of influenza A/H1N1 in the Institute, of the disease are very mild, flu as usual. Most patients only after 2 days of treatment were fever. To date 3, when conducting the test to 90% of the patients were negative for influenza A/H1N1. And 5 days after the fever, test negative patients are in hospital.
"However, with two cases, after treatment of stable, but has the fever to 7 days, when tested with the test but results for influenza A/H1N1 positive. Hospital patients have samples sent products of hygiene and from work to test gen surgery, whether the likelihood of drug resistance genes in the two patients is not, "Mr. Glass said.
In meetings to prevent people on your way now (8 / 8), Tran Nhu Duong, Vice Director of Institute of hygiene and epidemiology from that, it should be noted this case 2, as usual, of the disease were negative after 3 days. Moreover, in some countries has been resistant to drug Tamiflu.
"Before this case 2, we must find out why after 7 days treatment still positive? Will there be no drug resistance? If the resistance at any level? We should also note, in the near future to enhance the monitoring service, chùm of the infected in the community, if any symptoms of flu samples to test, "he said Duong.
Before the this, the lens continues to give a warning, people should not accidentally use the drug-resistant viruses when flu signs to avoid drug resistance, then, the treatment is very difficult.
-snip-
Read full post and comments
Vietnam: Appear risk patients drug-resistant influenza A/H1N1 tamiflu
Epidemic situation is complicated place, the patients increased and appeared in 2 cases Hanoi risk tamiflu drug resistance.
Therefore, the Ministry of Health guiding hospitals Network prevent influenza A/H1N1 in the country prepare more isolation areas, patient treatment, preparing adequate materials, chemicals, medicine, design and be medical staff to deal with flu.
Nguyen Van Kinh, Director of the Institute for infectious diseases and Tropical national warning: "Patients with influenza A/H1N1 appeared to chùm patients. There are 4 families who have been, she was the first and then daughter-in-law and 2 grandchildren with them. Or 2 of the children infected by the flu very close contact. "
Mr. Nga, Bureau Chief Department of Health and Environmental concerns: "The control measures, and treatment of influenza A/H1N1 focus requires many resources (material and human), so the system health is not our many resources to the interested audience vulnerable groups (elderly, children, pregnant women), or experiencing the health problems in society. "
Currently, tests to detect influenza A/H1N1 still too lean 2: At the hospital treatment of sanitation and epidemiology, Institute Pastuer Vietnam. Ministry of Health assessed the ability to "cầm trees before pandemic's Male good because after 40 days, and has not spread in the community.
Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education and Training is focused health care for the candidates to contest first University 2. Stage 1 test the safety. 1 / 8, students study students, easy Bùng risk of disease increased the Ministry of Education and Training need of preventive very urgently.
Read full post and comments
Vietnam: Still have drug treatment for patients resistant to tamiflu
Health of 2 influenza A/H1N1 patients (in Hanoi) risk tamiflu drug resistance remains stable and is being treated isolation, tracking the stars.
Relenza is also capable of treating influenza A/H1N1
Nguyen Van Kinh, Director of the Institute of infectious diseases and Tropical Country, said: Often patients influenza A/H1N1 hết fever after 1-2 days. After 5 days, when tested, the patients have negative reactions with influenza A/H1N1 virus and then the hospital can be, health is stable.
However, this 2 patients (both from Australia) have cachet. After 7 days treatment, 2 were all symptoms of illness (cough, fever, sore throat), but test results showed that patients still positive for influenza A/H1N1 virus.
"This is a sign not normal. There we still keep patients in hospital and implement isolation and continued treatment as other patients, the lens for.
The entire sample's disease 2 patients are transferred to the Institute of Hygiene epidemiological Central to test and determine whether it is the influenza A/H1N1 patients first Vietnam tamiflu drug resistant or not .
Nguyen Huy Nga, Director Department of Department of Health and Environment (Ministry of Health) requirements of the infectious diseases and Tropical Country - where direct treatment of patients on the 2 - need special attention and keep the stars in place and must immediately notify the Ministry of Health if any unusual signs in time to process.
Pm 9 / 7, Nguyen Hong Ha, Vice Director of the Institute for infectious diseases and Tropical Country confirm: "Currently, the health of 2 patients remain on a stable, continuing treatment for isolation and track the stars. "
Exposed control of influenza A/H1N1 by the Ministry of Health issues currently in the hospital seriously and has developed work. If there is any case of drug resistance tamiflu just change to other drugs have similar effects.
He said Russia: "Currently, in addition tamifu, also a drug Relenza is also more capable of treating influenza A/H1N1. This is the way that almost all countries have implemented if there are cases where influenza A/H1N1 patients tamiflu resistance.
Russian information he added: "World research has not confirmed any person infected with influenza A/H1N1 then can become infected or not."
In the meeting on 12 / 6, Nguyen Tran Hien, Director of Institute of Hygiene epidemiological Central said: "Flu A/H1N1 appear first, so patients do not have immunity, the ability of infected people can be high. "
Confirmed by the Ministry of Health, A/H1N1 flu in Vietnam has not spread to the community. All activities supervised by Vietnam still be done very well. Vietnam rated capacity "cầm trees to. After 40 days to appear, in Vietnam, influenza A/H1N1 has not spread to the community. Meanwhile, the water just after 2 weeks to appear, influenza A/H1N1 has Bùng in the community and can not control.
Tan Son Nhat add a measure body temperature
9 / 7, HCM City Department of Health for the Center on Health international border gate in the airport of Tan Son Nhat has been more a measure body temperature.
Day, the Center on International Health detected 26 of body temperature from the high country have. Of which, 15 have been transferred to the track hospital Pham Ngoc Thach, 11 cases remain supervised at Hospital District 7.
According to doctors of Phan Van, manager for Y, Ho Chi Minh City Department of Health said recently, most of the cases positive for influenza A/H1N1 in from abroad which are in body temperature detected. Up to now, in Vietnam, the total number of influenza infection was detected through the machine that is 158 people.
Read full post and comments
Vietnam: 2 Tamiflu Resistant
Patients with influenza A/H1N1 increase dizziness
According to information from Ministry of Health, 8 / 7, Vietnam has recorded 11 more cases positive for influenza A/H1N1 (South: 7 ca, North: 3 CA, Central: 1 CA) Đến nay, Việt Nam đã ghi nhận 259 trường hợp dương tính, không có tử vong. Presently, Vietnam has recorded 259 positive cases, no deaths. Trong số những người mắc cúm, đã có 186 ra viện, các trường hợp còn lại hiện đang được cách ly, điều trị tại các bệnh viện trong tình trạng sức khỏe ổn định, không có biến chứng nặng. Among those who have flu, there are 186 hospital out, the remaining cases are being isolation, treatment at hospitals in health status is stable, without serious complication. Việt Nam không có bệnh nhân tử vong do cúm. Vietnam no patient deaths due to influenza.
Sau gần 40 ngày kể từ trường hợp đầu tiên được phát hiện, hệ thống giám sát cúm Quốc gia tại 15 điểm trên toàn quốc và tại các cơ sở khám chữa bệnh chưa phát hiện hiện tượng lây truyền cúm A/H1N1 trong cộng đồng. After nearly 40 days since the first case was detected, the system monitor influenza Country at 15 points nationally and in the treatment not detect the spread influenza A/H1N1 in the community.
Ông Nguyễn Văn Kính, Viện trưởng Viện các bệnh truyền nhiễm và nhiệt đới quốc gia cho biết hiện tại ở viện có 2 bệnh nhân từ Úc về, mắc cúm, đã hết sốt, biểu hiện lâm sàng ổn định nhưng đến ngày thứ 7 làm xét nghiệm vẫn thấy dương tính.
Nguyen Van Kinh, Director of the Institute for infectious diseases and tropical countries that currently have 2 in patients from Australia on influenza infected, were fever, manifests clinically stable but 7 days to do still test positive.
Bình thường sau 3 ngày hết sốt, xét nghiệm cũng âm tính, nhưng hai trường hợp hết thời hạn mà vẫn dương tính.
Normal after 3 days the fever, the test is negative, but two cases the time limit but still positive.
Viện Vệ sinh Dịch tễ Trung ương đang có những xét nghiệm kiểm tra xem hai bệnh nhân có kháng thuốc thật không và nếu có thì ở mức độ nào để có biện pháp can thiệp. Institute of Hygiene epidemiological Central are the tests to check two patients with drug resistance is not and with the degree to respond to.
Read full post and comments
Argentina almost paralyzed due to H1N1
Argentina: Maximum health alert / Standardize policies for all districts Influenza A: increasing paralysis of activitiesTuesday July 7, 2009
July 09, 2009
On Friday, all private banks will remain closed due to health time-off for administrative institutions arranged by the national government as a measure to fight the H1N1 A influenza spread.
Considering that Thursday is holiday, Argentine private banks will remain closed until Monday of next week.
On Friday, all national stock markets will also call for a time-off and currency exchange activities will not be run.
Also, the Supreme Court decided to call off all national and federal activities for Friday.
Provincial governments have also echoed the measures taken by certain private administrative institutions and will adhere to the health time-off recommended by the national government.
Since last Monday all theatres have been closed as part of the government's strategic plan to fight the H1N1 A influenza breakout.
hat-tip Chuck
Read full post and comments
Obama Warns of Swine Flu Resurgence in Fall
BETHESDA, Md. — The Obama administration warned Americans on Thursday to be ready for an aggressive return of the swine flu virus in the fall, announcing plans to begin vaccinations in October and offering states and hospitals money to help them prepare.
“The potential for a significant outbreak in the fall is looming,” President Obama said via telephone link from Italy to the White House’s H1N1 Influenza Preparedness Summit, held at the National Institutes of Health.
With good planning, he added, “we may end up averting a crisis. That’s our fervent hope.”
The summit meeting, jointly led by the secretary of Health and Human Services, Kathleen Sebelius; the secretary of Homeland Security, Janet Napolitano; and the secretary of Education, Arne Duncan, gathered health and school officials from across the country and took questions by video link from the governors of several states — most of whom wanted to know who would pay for preparations like the vaccination drive.
Vaccinations will begin in October only if tests scheduled to begin in August prove that it is safe and effective. Even then, officials expect only tens of millions of doses to be ready, so they will have to decide who gets vaccinated first. The most likely candidates, Ms. Sebelius said, are school children, health care workers, pregnant women and people with asthma or other conditions that make the flu more risky.
While health officials were careful to warn that there is no evidence that the flu has mutated into a more dangerous form, they noted that it seriously disrupted some cities, including New York, in the late spring and could do worse as the fall flu season begins.
“This flu is not over,” said Dr. Thomas Frieden, the new head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, describing its continuing spread in more than 50 summer camps, the large numbers of cases seen in Chile, Argentina and Australia, which are now at the beginning of their flu season, and the initial detections of three Tamiflu-resistant cases.
At the flu’s peak in May, Mr. Duncan noted, there were 726 schools closed across the United States. Decisions on closing schools will be made locally, he said. Officials from New York and Texas described the difficulties they had in deciding which schools to shut down and how hard it was to explain why they picked those they did.
Both schools and businesses need to prepare for the possibility of several weeks of high absenteeism, Ms. Napolitano said. She also reminded governors that not only the obvious services, like hospitals and schools, would be affected.
“As a former governor, I can say: make sure your payroll continues,” she said. “Whoever processes your checks, make sure they have a backup.”
Ms. Sebelius outlined actions the federal government is taking. It will offer $260 million in “preparedness grants” to states and cities for the vaccination drive and $90 million to hospitals preparing for surges of cases. (Congress has already appropriated $1 billion for vaccine ingredients and up to $7.5 billion more for testing, buying and distributing vaccine if health officials decide it is safe and effective.)
The Health and Human Services Department is also remaking its Web site, www.flu.gov, to be the central repository of information for everyone: parents, school officials, doctors. And it will hold a contest, asking Americans to film their own public service announcements about flu.
“This is a YouTube challenge to everyone,” Ms. Sebelius said. “The best will be aired nationwide.”
Health officials said that they were aware of fears that a Tamiflu-resistant strain of the virus is already spreading silently in the United States, but that they had not seen evidence that it is a threat.
The worry stems from a single case found in a teenage girl who flew to Hong Kong from San Francisco on June 12. According to Hong Kong media reports, she was found to have a fever during a routine airport screening and was hospitalized as a precaution and tested.
She was never dangerously ill, was not treated with Tamiflu and recovered. But the sequence of her virus, released by Hong Kong authorities last week, showed that it had a mutation, known as H274Y on the neuraminidase gene, making it resistant to Tamiflu, a neuraminidase inhibitor.
The fact that she had a resistant strain without being treated suggests that she caught an already resistant virus from someone else, presumably in Northern California, said Henry L. Niman, who runs a Web site tracking flu mutations (recombinomics.com). Because sequencing in the United States is done on only the tiny fraction of flu cases serious enough to be hospitalized, Tamiflu-resistant virus could be circulating without being detected.
Dr. Frieden said the disease control centers had begun intensifying its monitoring in Northern California, “and it does not appear to be widespread.”
Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, said there was little reason to worry unless it becomes the dominant strain.
“But certainly you want to keep your eye on it,” he added.
Different strains of virus “compete” with each other each year, and the drug-resistant strains do not always win. But a Tamiflu-resistant strain of seasonal H1N1 flu utterly crushed its rivals during the last American flu season, rising to 99 percent of sequenced samples.
Also, Tamiflu-resistant strains can sometimes be successfully treated with Relenza, another neuraminidase inhibitor, with older flu drugs like rimantadine, or even with larger Tamiflu doses.
“It does worry me, though we know enough to expect this,” said Dr. Anne Moscona, a flu treatment expert at Cornell University’s medical school. “It strengthens the argument for more Relenza in the stockpile,” she added, referring to the national stockpile of supplies for an influenza pandemic.
Read full post and comments
Obama Administration Calls on Nation to Begin Planning and Preparing for Fall Flu Season & the New H1N1 Virus
Administration Leaders Say that Flu Preparedness is a “Shared Responsibility” Announce New Funding for States and New Nation-Wide Flu Prevention Campaign at flu.gov
The Obama Administration sent a strong message to the nation today that it is time to start planning and preparing for the fall flu season and the ongoing H1N1 flu outbreak and that the federal government is prepared to commit resources, training, and new tools to help state and local governments and America’s families get ready.
White House Homeland Security Advisor John Brennan, Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius, Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano, Secretary of Education Arne Duncan joined with delegations from 54 states, tribes and territories today at the H1N1 Influenza Preparedness Summit at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md., to kick-off the government’s nation-wide fall flu preparedness efforts.
“The President and the administration are actively engaged in mitigating the effects of the H1N1 flu virus and developing a national response framework and action plan that builds on the efforts and lessons learned from this spring’s initial onset to prepare for the possibility of a more serious fall outbreak of the virus,” said White House Homeland Security Advisor Brennan in his address to summit participants.
“Over the course of coming weeks and months, we will move aggressively to prepare the nation for the possibility of a more severe outbreak of the H1N1 virus,” said HHS Secretary Sebelius. “We ask the American people to become actively engaged with their own preparation and prevention. It’s a responsibility we all share.”
“The federal government is working together with its federal, state, local and tribal partners to develop a nation-wide plan to combat the H1N1 flu that incorporates the lessons we learned this spring,” said Homeland Security Secretary Napolitano. “The H1N1 Summit will allow us to continue this aggressive preparation for all possible H1N1 virus outbreak scenarios to ensure that we are doing everything possible to keep our country safe and healthy.”
“Effectively dealing with a potential H1N1 outbreak requires all of us -- parents, educators, health providers, and local, state and federal governments -- working together on our emergency management plan,” said Education Secretary Duncan. “Today’s Flu Summit is an important step in that direction. Our primary goals at the Department of Education are the health and well being of students, faculty and staff, and ensuring that, in the event of any school closures, the learning process will continue. ”
Maryland Governor Martin O’Malley moderated a Governors panel with participation via videolink from Governor Jim Douglas of Vermont, Governor Jim Doyle of Wisconsin, Governor Mark Parkinson of Kansas, Governor John Baldacci of Maine and Governor Jodi Rell of Connecticut.
“When responding to a national pandemic or a national recession, the basic principles of smart government remain the same -- to increase efficiency, openness, and transparency in everything we do. Today’s summit illustrates our collective commitment to that goal,” said Maryland Governor Martin O’Malley. “The experience in the spring taught us that while earlier pandemic flu planning efforts were effective, there are also areas for improvement. Effective response requires accurate and timely information that is as close to real time as possible. We share the commitment of the Obama Administration to constantly monitor, evaluate and improve these processes as we continue to lead the world in emergency preparedness.”
Throughout the one-day summit, Administration officials laid out specific ways that states and local governments could start their planning and preparation efforts and announced new programs and resources to help state and local governments, the medical community and every day America prepare for H1N1 and the fall flu season.
First, HHS will make available preparedness grants worth a total of $350 million. These grants were funded by Congress in the latest supplemental appropriations bill and they will give state and local public health offices and health care systems valuable resources to step up their preparedness efforts.
Second, the federal government will centralize communications about H1N1 and seasonal flu on the federal government’s new Web site www.flu.gov. This one-stop comprehensive site brings together flu-related information from across HHS and other federal agencies. The expanded site builds on the pandemic planning information long presented on www.pandemicflu.gov, and incorporates information about the novel H1N1 flu as well as the seasonal flu.
Finally, HHS is launching a new PSA campaign contest to encourage more Americans to get involved in the nation’s flu preparedness efforts by making a 15-second or 30-second PSA. Officials at the summit stressed the idea of “shared responsibility” when it comes to combating the flu and the goal of the new HHS PSA campaign contest is to tap into the nation’s creativity to help educate Americans about how to plan for and prevent the spread of H1NI influenza. HHS will evaluate submissions and will present the best PSAs back to the public so everyone can vote on their favorite submission. The winning PSA will receive $2,500 in cash and will appear on national television. Contest details as well more information about the larger effort to plan and prepare for the flu season are available at www.flu.gov.
Read full post and comments
Indonesia: Map of distance between 2 latest cases
Ram Pramesti (22) was from Cireunghas, and he passed away. He was in RS Honoris, Tangerang for six days.
Gumilar (7) was from Cikembar, his results are pending. The health authorities dropped by the local community health center to check things out. Ends up several residents are experiencing fever and flu -- but they seemed to get their diagnosis that they are negative of bird flu - yet, they are still waiting on Gumilar.
Read full post and comments
Indonesia: Suspected the Sufferer Bird Flu, died
Juli 9, 2009 - 15:51
Sukabumi (the City Post) – the Sufferer suspect bird flu that died in RSUD Tangerang, Ram Pramesti,22, was buried by the family in the Cibeureum Selaawi Village, the Tegal Village Long, the Cireunghas Subdistrict, the Sukabumi Regency, on Thursday (9/7).
Putra was ninth the couple H Muharan and Restiwi this died in the maintenance of RSUD Tangerang after beforehand was treated in RS Honoris, Tangerang for six days.
As far as this is concerned was not yet it was known certain the cause of the Ram death.
However while being sick, the temperature of his body was always high so as to emerge the Ram assumption suffered bird flu.
For the need pengecekkan the side of RSUD Tangerang took the sample of blood korba. “ Kami was still being waiting for results of the lab test about the illness that was suffered Ram,” said HM. Muradz, casualties's uncle to the reporter.
Mentioned, casualties at this time were middle busy completing his thesis in the Law Faculty of Universitas Tirtayasa Serang, Banten. For the need, casualties often bolak returned Sukabumi-Banten. Moreover a month beforehand, casualties could be also treated because of the typhus illness. “ Untuk Sementara our family suspected the cause of the Ram death of being because of the typhus illness. “ Untuk Sementara our family suspected the cause of the Ram death of being because kelelahan,” said Muradz also.
Read full post and comments
Indonesia: The patient ”Suspect” Flu Burung Dirawat in RSUD Syamsudin

09 Juli 2009
The patient who was expected suspect bird flu, Gumilar (7), the resident Kp. Bungur Short RT 03/RW 05 villages Bojong twins, Kec. Cikembar, Kab. Sukabumi was put into RSUD Syamsudin Kota Sukabumi. Till yesterday, the medical official of the hospital was still continuing to carry out the diagnosis against the patient suspect this bird flu. "To anticipate the matter that was not wanted, the child that suspect this bird flu was forced to be reconciled to RSUD Syamsudin." He is currently put into a room intalasi the hospital to receive the medical handling, said the Head of the Penanggulangan Field of infectious diseases and Lingkungan Sanitation (P2MPL) Dinkes Kab. Sukabumi, Dadang Sucipta to "GM", on Wednesday (8/7). For the time being, said Dadang, as far as this is concerned his side did not yet receive results, this child positive was infected by bird flu or not. -snip-
In the meantime when being asked concerning the condition for the temperature of the patient's body, Dadang said, as far as this is concerned the temperature of his body 37 Celsius levels and still difficult flu. "Therefore until this, the medical RSUD Syamsudin team continued to carry out the diagnosis against the patient suspect this bird flu," he revealed. It was related that efforts mensterilisasikan the environment pascakasus the patient's emergence suspect bird flu in Kp. Bungur Pandak, Dadang said, in order to anticipates the possibility of the occurrence suspect bird flu against the other resident, his side dropped the team off survailance the local community health centre and P2MPL Dinkes to continue to carry out observation in this area. "Observation will be carried out up until 14 days pascakematian the chicken there." From results of observation of the official there indeed kedapatan several residents experienced the hot temperature, below 37 levels and difficult flu. However now this, results of their diagnosis were negative suspect bird flu, he said.
Read full post and comments
LIVE blogging the H1N1 Influenza Summit
Thu Jul 09, 2009
Secretaries Sebelius (HHS) and Napolitano (DHS) along with Arne Duncan (Education) and other experts from CDC and elsewhere will be conducting an all day flu summit at NIH today. The agenda is here (and below the fold). The purpose of the summit is to help states prepare for an expected worsening of the pandemic in the fall, and that includes preparing for occasional school closures.Plenary sessions will air live from 8:30 AM - 12:30 PM EDT and from 2:45 PM - 4:00 PM EDT. Watch live here. Follow on twitter here.
Read full post and comments
Egypt: 5/1 - 7/7: H5N1: 13 confirmed, 2,851 suspected. H1N1: 82 confirmed, 1,103 suspected.
الخميس، 9 يوليو 2009 - 16:41 Thursday, July 9, 2009 - 16:41
According to a media statement issued by the central operations room status information, support and decision-making Council of Ministers, the number of cases that have been infected with the discovery of swine flu in Egypt amounted to 82 hours until 5 pm on July 8, according to the results of the examination and laboratory data from the Ministry of Health.
وذكر البيان: أن الحالة رقم 81 لشاب بريطانى الجنسية يدعى أندرو باول (23 عاما)، وصل إلى مطار شرم الشيخ الدولى يوم 6 يوليو، وتم تحويله عن طريق فريق الحجر الصحى بالمطار إلى مستشفى شرم الشيخ الدولى، وتم إعطاؤه العلاج المناسب، وحالته الصحية مستقرة.
The statement said: The Case of the 81 young British citizen named Andrew Powell (23 years old), arrived in Sharm el-Sheikh International Airport on July 6, has been transformed by the Group of quarantine to the airport of Sharm el-Sheikh International Hospital, and was given proper treatment and his condition stable .
ولفت البيان إلى أن الحالة رقم 82 لطالب مصرى الجنسية يدعى أحمد محمود عبدالحميد (16 عاما)، وصل إلى البلاد قادما من أمريكا يوم 5 يوليو، وبدأ ظهور الأعراض عليه يوم 7 يوليو، وتم حجزه بمستشفى القاهرة وإعطاؤه العلاج المناسب وحالته الصحية مستقرة.
It pointed out that the situation called for No. 82 Egyptian nationality, Ahmed al-Mahmoud Abdul Hamid (16 years old), arrived in the country from America on July 5, and began showing symptoms on July 7, was booked Cairo hospital and given appropriate treatment and his condition stable.
وبلغ عدد الحالات التى تم شفاؤها وخروجها من المستشفى بعد إتمام علاجها 71 حالة من إجمالى 82 حالة والباقى وعدده 11 حالة بصحة جيدة وحالتهم الصحية مستقرة.
The number of cases were cured and out of hospital treatment after the completion of a total of 71 cases of the case and the rest 82 soldiers and 11 state of good health and were in stable condition.
كما بلغ عدد الحالات التى تم الاشتباه فى إصابتها بالمرض خلال الفترة من 1 مايو حتى 8 يوليو 1103 حالات، تأكد إصابة 82 حالة بالمرض.
The number of cases that were suspected of being infected with the disease during the period from May 1 until July 8, 1103 cases, 82 have been confirmed infected.
وبلغ عدد الحالات التى اشتبه فى إصابتها بمرض أنفلونزا الطيور خلال الفترة من 1 مايو حتى 7 يوليو 2851 حالة تأكد إصابة 13 حالة منها.
The number of cases which was suspected of being infected with bird flu during the period from May 1 until July 7, 2851 ...the case was confirmed, 13 of them.
Read full post and comments
Egypt: 2 Suspected of Bird Flu (H5N1) in Menya
الخميس، 9 يوليو 2009 - 12:56 Thursday, July 9, 2009 - 12:56
Detained hospital fevers Menya Soukra Mohammed Khidr (42 years), and Sarah Salih Jaber (9 years) from the village of Samalut Gulwsna Center, following up on injured temperature, where the work of the hospital first aid, a sample was taken and sent to labs central Cairo.
أكد دكتور أسامة التهامى مدير مكافحة أنفلونزا الطيور أنه أصبح هناك وعى عند المواطنين وأطباء الوحدات الصحية، لذا تناقصت الأعداد التى كانت تستقبلها المستشفى يوميا.
Dr. Osama Tuhami emphasized the fight against avian influenza Director that there was an awareness of citizens and doctors at health units, so the numbers have decreased, which was received at the hospital every day.
Read full post and comments
Egypt: 2 Suspected of Bird Flu (H5N1) in Damanhour
Thursday, July 9, 2009 - 14:17
Congratulations, Dr. Yusri said Undersecretary of the Ministry of Health the lake, the hospital admitted Damanhour detained two people suspected of being infected with bird flu, after the emergence of the disease with symptoms similar to them, from the rise in temperature, and pain in the bones, and severe stress and difficulty in breathing.
وتم احتجاز جمعة إبراهيم أبو سعدة (22 سنة) مقيم بكفر الدوار، وكريمة علوانى الدهان (56 سنة) مقيمة بدمنهور، بعد أخذ عينة دم منهما لتحليلها بالمعامل المركزية بالقاهرة.
Were detained Ibrahim Abu Saada Juma (22 years) residing in Kafr Dawar, Alouni and decent paint (56 years) resident Bdinmhor, after taking a blood sample for analysis of their central labs in Cairo.
وعلى الفور انتقلت لجنة مكافحة المرض لمنازل المرضى لتطهيرها، وتطهير المنازل المجاورة وأخذ عينات من الطيور الموجودة بالمنازل لفحصها، وبيان مدى إصابتها.
And immediately transferred to the Committee against the disease for patients, clearing houses, clearing houses nearby and took samples from birds for examination of existing homes, and the extent of her.
Read full post and comments
Thailand: Tutorial Schools & net cafes to close for 2 week; List of Deaths
By The Nation
The cabinet on Thursday agreed to order closing of all tutorial schools and asked net cafes to close for two weeks as a measure to prevent spreading of the influenza 2009. The venues, usually crowded with young people, would start closing on July 13 until 28.
Most of the flu patients in Thailand were students.
The cabinet agreed to the Public Health Ministry's proposal for the venues to close temporarily to prevent the spread of the flu.
The agreement came as the death of the flu victim in Thailand hit 12 on Thursday.
Two more deaths were reported pending confirmation from the ministry.
A traffic police died on Thursday from the new strain of influenza, bring the death toll in Thailand to 12.
The police whose name was not revealed was traffic police of Bang Na police station.
He succumbed to the flu on Thursday after being admitted to Police Hospital. He had also suffered from complication of kidney failure.
Thai Public Health Ministry on Thursday reported 211 new cases of the flu, bringing number of the cases in the country to 2,725.
H1N1 flu fatalities
1.
June 20: A 40-year-old woman, with congenital heart disease that was surgically treated at age 12, developed flu-like symptoms on June 8 and was admitted to hospital on June 14.
2.
June 25: A 15-year-old girl suffering from diabetes, diabetes insipidus as well as low white-blood cell count showed flu-like symptoms on June 23 and died two days later due to complications.
3.
June 27: A 42-year-old man with no chronic diseases began showing symptoms on June 18 after returning from overseas travel and visiting a pub in Bangkok. He was admitted into hospital on June 23.
4.
June 29: A 21-year-old newly recruited Army conscript showed symptoms on June 15, admitted to hospital on June 19 and died of heart failure caused lung complications.
5.
July 1: A 45-year-old man, known to be a heavy drinker, started showing symptoms on June 23 and was admitted to hospital on June 26. Died of lung complications and low blood pressure.
6.
July 1: A 30-year-old overweight man, weighing 123 kilograms against a height of 165 centimetres, developed symptoms on June 23 and sought hospital treatment on June 28, though he continued going to work despite doctors' advice. He was admitted to hospital on June 30 with high fever, breathing difficulties and cough, and died of lung complications the next day.
7.
July 2: An eight-year-old girl, suffering from leukaemia, admitted to hospital with flu-like symptoms but died before lab results could confirm she had been infected by the type-A (H1N1) virus.
8.
July 3: A 37-year-old woman began developing symptoms on June 25 and died in hospital two days after being admitted. This was the first fatality without prior surveillance or quarantine.
9.
July 3: A 19-year-old boy started showing symptoms on June 30, was admitted to hospital on July 2 and died the next day from pneumonia and pulmonary oedema.
10.
July 6: A 21-year-old woman, who was five months into her pregnancy and had a hyperthyroid condition, got infected on June 29, sought hospital treatment on July 4 but was sent home after being told she had a simple sore throat. She returned to hospital on July 6 and died a few hours later.
11.
July 7: A 58-year-old man, with chronic kidney disease, sought hospital treatment a few days earlier, but died of lung complications.
12.
July 8: A traffic police of Bang Na police station was infected by the flu and was admitted to Police Hospital. He had complication of kidney failure.
hat-tip thebes
Read full post and comments
Argentina: 170% Increase in Deaths from 6/28 - 7/9
CIFRAS differ
Influenza A: 70 officers killed, 82 unofficial
In a span of just 12 days since the elections on June 28 last to date, the fatal cases of influenza A confirmed by the Government increased from 26 to 70 in the country, representing an increase of 170 percent, according official data.
(DIARIOC, 09/07/2009) Minister of Health of the Nation, Juan Manzur, confirmed Wednesday that 10 new deaths from the influenza A/H1N1 in Argentina, after having maintained for three days as the figure of 60 official sum and insisted that more than 100 thousand potential infection.
In a meeting with senators in Congress, where he attended to provide a report to the heads of banks on the disease, Manzur here refused to register a death rate higher than that of other countries affected by the pandemic.
However, in the same meeting, members of the Senate expressed concern about the progress of influenza A and said they "are being manipulated" the figures.
Senator Maria Eugenia Estenssoro, the Civic Coalition, also criticized the government in general and the minister Manzur including a "lack of accurate information" regarding the new influenza, according to unofficial data have already caused the deaths of 82 people the country.
"They are manipulating statistics, as in other areas," Estenssoro said to the press after a meeting that was held behind closed doors and lasted about two hours.
The figure of 70 cases confirmed by Manzur lethal means in less than 10 days after the national legislative elections in late June, there were 70 percent more deaths (44) reported that an official during the two months prior to elections.
Since April 26, when the state of alert in Argentina by the advance of influenza A in the world, through Friday June 26, when it was disclosed last part of the daily national Ministry of Health before vote (number 59), the deceased was only 26 "official" and the 1587 cases of the disease.
Immediately after the elections and the resignation of Graciela Ocaña the head of the national health, the episodes began to multiply lethal, while experts estimate that the peak of the epidemiological curve of the new flu will occur in 10 days.
Taken together the data from the Government to manage these hours by the provincial ministers of Health, deaths from influenza A in the country would amount to 82, with 2780 cases of evil.
Unofficial FIGURES
Influenza A is still ongoing, and five provinces reported deaths this week. Seven other people died of the H1N1 virus and was unofficially spoke of 84 fatalities.
Namely, there were three deaths in Santa Fe, now 21 total deaths from influenza and lies second after the province of Buenos Aires which has 42 fatalities.
In San Juan, on the other hand, confirmed the death of a baby of only 8 months when he was transferred in an aircraft emergency health. The director of epidemiology in the province, Frida Cappato, on Monday reported the first death by the new influenza: a housewife of 38 years that did not belong to any risk group. " The woman suffered "complications" as a result of the flu and would have had a multiorgan failure. "
In Santa Cruz was killed two years of a child from influenza A. In Neuquén, the Undersecretary of Health reported that according to the results of a sample sent to the Institute Malbrán, one person died of influenza.
In Cordova there were two fatalities. It was in San Francisco, where he died a man of 39 years and a woman of 26 years, 12 days before it was mother. While another pregnant woman is placed in a San Francisco hospital in serious condition with symptoms of influenza A, as a teenager of 14 years in state boarding school reserved to the Children's Hospital in the city of Cordova.
For these times are still known more deaths came as an official part of the new deaths from the flu.
Unofficial figures:
Buenos Aires: 42 dead, 779 infected
Santa Fe: 21 dead, 400 infected
Buenos Aires: 7 dead, 936 infected
Mendoza: 3 dead, 4 infected
Cordova: 2 dead, 31 infected
San Juan: 2 deaths, 23 infected
Missions: 2 dead, 20 infected
Santa Cruz: 1 dead, 39 infected
Neuquén: 1 dead, 56 infected
Tierra del Fuego: 103 infected
Metropolitan unspecified: 1 dead, 155 infected
The total across the country: 82 dead, infected 2780
Read full post and comments
Vietnam: 259 A/H1N1 patients recorded, two suspected Tamiflu-resistant cases
VietNamNet Bridge – Vietnam affirmed 11 new A/H1N1 cases on July 8, raising the total number to 259, with no deaths so far.
Of 11 new cases, there were three in a group of 39 students in HCM City who travelled to Australia and shared a flight with 63 other students. They are hospitalised at the HCM City Hospital for Tropical Diseases. The local authorities asked the school of these students to allow them to stay at home.
A total of 186 patients have left hospitals. The remaining cases are in stable condition.
40 days after the first case was recorded in Vietnam, the national flu control system has not discovered any sign that the flu has spread in the community. Vietnam has successfully controlled the disease at its border gates.
However, the Health Ministry worries that A/H1N1 may break out in Vietnam when students go back to school this August, said Dr. Nguyen Huy Nga, chief of the Preventive Health Agency on July 8.
Dr. Nguyen Van Kinh, director of the National Institute for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, said that only four of 19 A/H1N1 cases in the north were still being treated at the hospital. However, two of them, who returned from Australia, showed some signs of Tamiflu resistance. They were treated by Tamiflu for seven days but test results were positive for H1N1 though clinical symptoms disappeared after three days of treatment.
The institute sent samples to the National Institute for Epidemiology for testing again to seek the reason.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) on July 7 announced 94,512 A/H1N1 cases in 135 countries and territories in the world, including 429 deaths.
In Southeast Asia, the Philippines has recorded 1709 cases, with one death; Singapore 1055; Thailand 2428 and 9 deaths.
hat-tip thebes
Read full post and comments
Vietnam: Two patients suspected of having antiviral resistant H1N1 strain
The National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology is studying the genes of H1N1 virus from two patients following suspicion about its resistance to the antiviral drug oseltamivir or Tamilflu.
The two patients were among the 19 people admitted to the institute so far, Director Nguyen Van Kinh said Wednesday. Three of these cases were locally transmitted, he added.
The Health Ministry reported Wednesday 11 new influenza A (H1N1) patients – seven in the south, one in the central and three in the northern region, raising the country’s tally to 259.
Of these, 186 patients have been discharged from hospitals after full recovery.
The ministry also said they are closely monitoring treatment-resistance among the virus.
The ministry will allow more hospitals to announce official test results instead of having to wait for the results of another test by authorized agencies.
This would avoid wastage of time and reduce the government’s expenditure on testing, which comes to about US$150 per case, the ministry said.
The Department of Health in Thua Thien-Hue Province, said Wednesday they had instructed districts to set up facilities to quarantine those suspected of carrying the virus and treating confirmed H1N1 patients.
Nguyen Dung, the department director, said the facilities at the districts would meet all criteria issued by the Health Ministry, and help ease overload in the provincial level hospitals. This will also prevent possible spread of the flu while transporting the patients, he added.
The World Health Organization (WHO) Wednesday said some 137 countries and territories have reported over 98,000 cases including over 440 deaths.
WHO has been informed by health authorities in Denmark, Japan and the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong, China of the appearance of H1N1 viruses which are resistant to Tamiflu based on laboratory testing.
Reported by Thanh Nien staff
hat tip thebes
Read full post and comments
Argentina: Total Deaths: 85
Five new deaths from influenza A
Reports of fatal cases in the provinces amount to 85 total in the country. Manzur was announced to the Senate and the decentralization of the evidence. Criticism from the opposition.
Five more deaths were reported Wednesday throughout the country as a result of influenza A, two in Buenos Aires and the other three in Santa Fe, Misiones and Formosa. In these cases, the number of fatalities has risen to 85, according to calculations that have not made the official national government.
For its part, Health Minister, Juan Manzur, announced in the Senate of the Nation decentralization of laboratories performing tests related to influenza A, which shall not be conducted solely at the institute Malbrán.
Manzur went to the Senate to inform the presidents of block on the disease situation in the country and in the afternoon visited with President Cristina Fernandez hospital Gandulfo, party bonaerense of Lomas de Zamora.
The minister said in the Senate that the evidence for the presence of the new flu will be carried out by other laboratories, in addition Malbrán revealed senators who attended the meeting behind closed doors in the Hall of the Gray House.
After the meeting, Senator of the Civic Coalition for Capital Federal, María Eugenia Estenssoro, said the report Manzur left "more questions than certainties," because "if infected with influenza N1H1 is 100,000, as the minister said and not the official figure of 2845 cases, the country would focus more infected the entire planet. "
"Statistics are important to know the evolution of an epidemic," said the lawmaker, said that the minister "is implementing a new way of measuring it is not infected, which applies in the world." Manzur had referred to that figure as the inference of the movement of the virus, estimated at 90%.
Five new deaths
Minister of Health of the City of Buenos Aires, Jorge Lemus, reported Wednesday that nine people were killed in the Capital due to influenza A, two more than reported on Tuesday.
In Santa Fe, the health ministry reported a death, which brings to 22 the total so far in this province: 19 in the node Rosario, two in Santa Fe and one node in the Venado Tuerto. Meanwhile, laboratory-confirmed cases total 471 there.
The health portfolio Santa Fe said that the total demand for care in clinics and hospitalization for respiratory diseases is 37,127, of which 16,669 are attributable to influenza-like illnesses.
Missions, meanwhile, reported that one woman died of influenza A and became the third fatality in the province. The deceased was placed in the Hospital Central de Posadas from Sunday, with complications from a lung disease.
Formosa Province reported the death of an influenza A man of 56 years, who recently attended a medical consultation on the fifth day of develop a flu and faced a table of "respiratory failure". It was the first fatal case in this jurisdiction.
The five new deaths raised to 85 the number of deaths from the disease according to reports from ministries and departments of the provinces and city of Buenos Aires, while the Health Minister's Office said the deaths are 70.
"Diagnosed are 70, but obviously there are other patients who had died previously and are still awaiting laboratory results," said the minister upon entering the Senate.
Meanwhile, five new provinces were added today to the administrative leave provided by the national government on Friday as part of measures against influenza A, while the entity that brings together private banks adhered to the measure. The provinces are joined Jujuy, Santa Fe, Salta, Tucumán and Black River, while yesterday acceded San Luis, Mendoza and Buenos Aires.
Read full post and comments
Canada: Infectious disease experts meet in Toronto to discuss pandemic flu virus
TORONTO - About 200 infectious disease experts have gathered in Toronto to discuss the H1N1 flu virus that has become a global pandemic.
The meeting is aimed at sharing information from across the country and setting up research collaborations.
Dr. Frank Plummer of the National Microbiology Lab in Winnipeg says experts need to find out why some people are getting only mild illness from this flu, but others are getting severely ill.
He says a new concern is a different virus that has affected at least two hog farm workers in Saskatchewan.
But Plummer says it is not related to the pandemic H1N1 flu virus that has made thousands of Canadians sick.
Plummer says infectious disease experts need to deal aggressively with the new virus, found in farm workers who experienced mild flu symptoms in June and later recovered.
Read full post and comments
CIDRAP: Canada finds another new flu strain in farm workers
Lisa Schnirring
Staff Writer
Jul 8, 2009 (CIDRAP News) – Public health officials in Canada yesterday announced that they have detected a new influenza strain—one that contains human seasonal flu and a swine flu virus—in two workers on a Saskatchewan hog farm.
The workers had mild illness and have recovered, and authorities are investigating a third suspected case, the Public Health Agency of Canada said in statement yesterday.
Canada's health minister Leona Ablukkaq said federal officials are working with Saskatchewan to learn more about the new virus. "Preliminary results indicate the risk to public health is low and that Canadians who have been vaccinated against the regular, seasonal flu should have some immunity to this new flu strain," she said in the statement.
Dr Greg Douglas, Saskatchewan's chief veterinary officer, told Reuters today that the new virus contains genes from the seasonal human H1N1 flu strain and a triple reassortant H3N2 strain that is common in swine populations.
Initial testing on the pigs indicates they were infected with swine influenza A, common in swine herds, but not the new human strain found in the workers, the Public Health Agency said. Further surveillance will be conducted on Saskatchewan's hog industry workers, and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency is providing the province with guidance on swine herd surveillance.
Saskatchewan's health agency said in a statement yesterday that additional responses include reinforcing biosecurity measures at the affected farm and vaccinating the hog farm's workers.
It added that in most cases, viruses such as the one found in the hog farm workers are not transmitted easily between humans. "To date, there is no evidence that this strain has transmitted between humans," the agency said.
Douglas, the province's chief veterinary officer, said in the statement, "It is important to remember that only healthy hogs go to slaughter and that pork is safe to eat. Influenza is not transmitted by eating pork products."
Canada said it has notified the World Health Organization (WHO) about the new virus, as required under international health regulations.
Dr Carolyn Bridges, associate director of epidemiologic science in the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) influenza division, told CIDRAP News that the reassortment event in Canada isn't surprising. "We know that humans pass influenza viruses to pigs on a regular basis," she said, adding that the human seasonal H3N2 influenza virus first entered North American swine herds in 1998 and that multiple reassortment events have been detected since then.
"This is just another demonstration of how dynamic these viruses are," Bridges said.
The virus detected in Canadian hog farm workers is not a pandemic flu threat because it contains external human virus proteins—the part the immune system recognizes, she said. "That's what matters most, and the flu vaccine provides good coverage. A large proportion of the population has some preexisting immunity." Sustained transmission of the new virus among humans is unlikely, she added.
However, the events highlight the need for ongoing surveillance in pig populations to monitor for changes, Bridges said.
Read full post and comments
Swine flu sweeps the southern hemisphere
- 09 July 2009 by Debora MacKenzie
THE swine flu pandemic is intensifying. The White House will meet with state representatives on 9 July to discuss preparations for the autumn flu season in the US, while the UK has shifted its response to dealing with widespread infection.
Meanwhile, in the southern hemisphere, in the midst of its winter flu season, swine H1N1 virus seems to be replacing the seasonal flu viruses that circulated till now - classic pandemic behaviour. This raises concerns that seasonal flu vaccine, which some companies are still making, may be useless when the northern hemisphere's flu season arrives later this year.
In the flu pandemics of 1918, 1957 and 1968, the pandemic virus completely replaced the circulating seasonal flu. But in 1977, an accidentally released mild H1N1 virus simply circulated alongside the existing flu, H3N2. So no one is sure how swine H1N1 will behave. If it does not replace the seasonal viruses - the milder H1N1 and the H3N2 - the world faces the prospect of all three viruses at once. This would be a complicated scenario: both seasonal and pandemic vaccines would be needed and differing age groups of people would be affected. From what is happening in the southern hemisphere, though, it appears that may not happen.
In the northern hemisphere, swine flu also dominates: more than 98 per cent of flu cases genotyped in the US in late June were caused by the pandemic virus. This is to be expected. While seasonal flu viruses normally die out in the summer, the pandemic virus has the advantage that few people have any immunity to it.
In Chile 98 per cent of flu cases are caused by swine H1N1. The seasonal vaccine is useless
In Australia, the state of Victoria, the hardest hit so far, reported this week that swine H1N1 now accounts for 99 per cent of all flu cases. It is a similar story in South America. In Chile, swine H1N1 is also outrunning the seasonal virus. "Ninety-eight per cent of the flu cases we have now are caused by H1N1," Chile's under-secretary of public health, Jeanette Vega, told a pandemic summit in Cancún, Mexico, last week. "The seasonal vaccine is useless."
In Argentina, where authorities in the capital Buenos Aires declared a health emergency last week, health minister Juan Manzur says 90 per cent of the flu virus in circulation is swine H1N1.
For the coming winter in the northern hemisphere, this is a concern. "If the pandemic virus massively outcompetes the seasonal viruses in a regular flu season, the seasonal viruses are likely to be replaced by the new virus, like in the 1968 pandemic," says Ab Osterhaus of the University of Rotterdam in the Netherlands.
In previous pandemics, the virus has then mutated, making its effects worse. So far H1N1 has acquired no obvious new mutations, but a few ominous signs have emerged.
A mutation to the virus's polymerase enzyme, which makes it replicate more efficiently, has cropped up in a sample from Shanghai, China. This could spread if it makes the virus more contagious. But it may also increase pathogenicity, says Ron Fouchier of the University of Rotterdam.
And last week, two cases of swine H1N1 with resistance to the main antiviral drug, Tamiflu, were discovered in people using the drug. Another was discovered in a girl who had never taken the drug, suggesting Tamiflu-resistant swine H1N1 might already be circulating.
Read full post and comments