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Information received on 28 Nov 2008 from Dr Natarajan Gokulram,
Secretary to the Government of India, Department of Animal Husbandry,
Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, New Delhi, India
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Start date 21 Nov 2008
Date of first confirmation of the event 27 Nov 2008
Report date 28 Nov 2008
Date submitted to OIE 28 Nov 2008
Reason for notification: Reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: November 2008
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype H5N1
Nature of diagnosis: Laboratory (basic), Laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak Location : ASSAM (Hajo, Rajabazar, Kamrup)
Affected population: backyard poultry mainly in a small village
(more)
Species Birds#
Susceptible 391
Cases 324
Deaths 324
Destroyed
Slaughtered
Outbreak statistics
Species Birds#
Apparent morbidity rate 82.86 percent
Apparent mortality rate 82.86 percent
Apparent case fatality rate 100.00 percent
Proportion susceptible animals lost* , *** Removed from the
susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
** Not calculated because of missing information
Epidemiology: Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection -
Unknown or inconclusive
Epidemiological comments: Epidemiological investigation is ongoing.
Stamping out of all domestic poultry is being applied in an
approximately 5-km-radius zone around the outbreaks followed by
compensation of the owners. An intensive surveillance campaign has
been launched in a 10-km-radius zone including: closure of poultry
markets and prohibition on sale and transportation of poultry
products in the infected zone; disinfection of premises after culling
and sealing of premises where appropriate. Restocking will be applied
in accordance with a specific protocol.
Laboratory name and type: High Security Animal Disease Laboratory,
Bhopal (National laboratory)
Species Birds#
Test real-time PCR
Test date 27 Nov 2008
Result Positive
Species Birds#
Test reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Test date 27 Nov 2008
Result Positive
Species Birds#
Test virus isolation
Test date 27 Nov 2008
Result Positive
Future Reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
[# news reports indicate these were chickens and ducks. - Mod.JW]
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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
[In January 2008, there were 42 outbreaks in the province of West
Bengal, which like Assam is also located in Northeastern India. The
country of Bangladesh separates the Indian provinces of West Bengal
and Assam. The last outbreaks in West Bengal were resolved in April
2008 and subsequent OIE reports in July and October 2008 indicated no
new outbreaks in the country.
A very nice analysis tool provided by OIE graphs the HPAI outbreaks
in India by month for the last 3 years. A quick look indicates that 7
outbreaks occurred between January and April in 2006. The only
outbreak in 2007 occurred in July. Thus, the pattern of
outbreaks,while not strictly seasonal, tends to occur in the winter
months. Admittedly, the data are not sufficient to identify a
seasonal causality but there does seem to be a grouping in the winter
months. A similar pattern exist in Nigeria when the January to April
months register most of the outbreaks in 2006, although the number of
outbreaks there has been greatly reduced in 2008.
However, when thinking about seasonal effects it is important to
remember that there may be many risk factors for disease which vary
by times of the year, including animal and human movements for
commerce, holiday celebrations, wild bird migrations etc. This is a
very interesting aspect of the epidemiology of HPAI and as more data
collects, should be examined closely. For OIE - WAHID graph of
disease by month over specified time periods see:
Fill in the Country box with "India".
The location of these new outbreaks is in Kamrup district, Assam and
can be seen at
- Mod.PC]
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